通过最近的合作努力,FDA和EMA希望鼓励针对儿科稀有疾病的多部门,多公司的临床试验。这份白皮书研究了注册机构如何通过建立罕见疾病利益相关者之间的长期合作关系并提高我们对疾病和治疗结果的理解来为这类试验提供宝贵的基础。
Introduction2017年7月,美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)和欧洲药品局(EMA)发表了关于多臂,多公司临床试验的联合提案,该提案将使用单个控制臂比较多种药物。1提案- 专注于Gaucher病,但打算作为小儿稀有疾病的一般路线图 - 将允许进行规模经济,因为多个赞助商可以分担识别和招募患者的责任和成本。该指南不会消除对罕见疾病药物开发的任何现有要求;但是,FDA和EMA可能会在确定符合法定标准所需的数据的类别和数量方面行使灵活性。
The approach could enable a better determination of relative risk-benefit by increasing the quantity and quality of safety and effectiveness data; and lead to smoother regulatory pathways, as regulators incentivize sponsors to consider these trials. While there are significant hurdles to the proposed approach, collaborative efforts to develop registries could be seen as a positive step in the process of multi-company cooperation in rare disease research.
THE PROMISE OF REGISTRIES
Rare disease registries typically have the following objectives:
- To connect patients, their caregivers and clinicians
- 更好地了解罕见疾病的自然史和结果
- To support research on the genetic, molecular and physiological basis of the disease
- To establish a patient base for evaluating potential therapies and medical devices.
来自注册表的数据可以显着受益于早期药物的开发,并有可能成为多部门,多公司临床试验的起点。注册机构可以帮助解决罕见疾病试验固有的许多挑战,从而使对疾病病程和可变性有更全面的了解;指导终点措施的发展,患者报告的结果(PRO)和生物标志物;促进将来试验的可行性评估;提供临床试验的患者来源;并在登记试验完成后收集长期安全性和有效性数据。
Rare disease registries can also improve clinical trial design by providing information on disease natural history, informing sample size calculations, being used as a historical control group for post-marketing monitoring,5 or for examining real-life outcomes data from different treatment regimens globally.
成功的倡议
以疾病为中心的,非营利的基础和患者倡导团体具有公共利益的运营注册表的可靠记录,可以作为未来合作的模型。赞助商与访问与其研发资产相关的特定数据集并行工作,有助于在不公开商业敏感信息的情况下为临床开发提供信息。这可能是赞助商在多公司多部件试验中的未来合作的基础。